急诊绿色通道护理对创伤性膈疝患者救治成功率的影响

目的探究急诊绿色通道护理对创伤性膈疝患者就治成功率的影响。 方法回顾性分析2015年11月至2019年5月,南京医科大学第一附属医院收治的40例创伤性膈疝患者。按急诊护理方法的不同分为对照组和观察组,各20例。对照组行常规护理,观察组行急诊绿色通道护理。分析2组急诊相关指标、术后康复指标,2组护理后1个月的复发率、救治成功率及并发症发生率。采用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行数据分析。 结果与对照组比较,观察组急诊科抢救时间、辅助检查时间、从救治到送入手术室时间、术后机械通气时间均缩短,术后24 h动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO₂）水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;护理后观察组和对照组的复发率分别为5.00%、25.00%,救治成功率分别为100.00%、90.00%,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;护理后观察组并发症总发生率（10.00%）显著低于对照组（45.00%）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论急诊绿色通道护理缩短了创伤性膈疝患者的抢救时间,使患者尽早脱离危险,减少创伤性膈疝患者并发症发生率,可有效改善患者预后。     

采用微创技术治疗Neer 2、3部分肱骨近端骨折的疗效观察

目的评价采用Philos钢板与Multiloc髓内钉微创治疗肱骨近端Neer2、3部分肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析从2014年2月至2016年6月成都第一骨科医院骨科和四川省骨科医院骨科采用Philos钢板与Multiloc髓内钉治疗肱骨近端2、3部分肱骨近端骨折患者,并获得完整随访共47例。Philos钢板组24例,其中男9例(37.5%),女15例(62.5%);Multiloc髓内钉组23例,其中男9例(39.1%),女14例(60.9%)。随访时间为1、3、6、9、12个月及>12个月,拍摄正、侧位肩关节X线片。比较两组性别、年龄、手术时间、视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)、美国肩肘外科医师评分(ASES)、Constant-Murley评分、骨折愈合时间、肩关节活动范围。结果随访1年共获得47例完整病例纳入研究。钢板组无骨折延迟愈合及不愈合,骨折愈合时间1.5~3.0(2.4±0.6)个月;髓内钉组无骨折延迟愈合及不愈合,骨折愈合时间为1.5~3.0(2.3±0.5)个月。本研究中47例患者术后5例出现轻微疼痛,其中钢板组3例,髓内钉组2例,均口服塞来昔布后疼痛缓解。随访结果显示,钢板组手术时间为(122.3±32.7)min,髓内钉组为(154.9±35.8)min,两者差异有统计学意义(P=0.002)。在2部分骨折中,髓内钉外展角度(158.0°±14.1°)比钢板组外展角度(129.6°±30.2°)高,显示2部分骨折髓内钉治疗有优势。3部分骨折中, Philos钢板组手术时间为(130.4±35.3)min,Multiloc髓内钉组为(161.5±29.2)min,(P=0.024)。未出现骨折不愈合,切口感染及延迟愈合、肩袖损伤及腋神经损伤等并发症。结论在肱骨近端骨折的治疗中,采用Philos锁定钢板与Multiloc髓内钉,并结合微创理念与技术,两者均能取得良好的疗效。对于2部分肱骨近端骨折,采用髓内钉治疗比采用钢板治疗有明显的优势。成熟的手术技术是手术成功的根本保证,对于复杂的肱骨近端骨折需要有经验的医生去处理,方能获得良好的效果。     

腹腔镜肝癌切除术联合脾脏切除对肝癌合并脾功能亢进的早期效果分析

目的探讨腹腔镜肝癌切除术联合脾脏切除对肝癌合并脾功能亢进的早期疗效。 方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年5月接受腹腔镜手术治疗的54例肝癌合并脾功能亢进患者临床资料。将肝癌切除同时行脾脏切除者纳入切脾组(25例),仅行肝癌切除术保留脾脏者纳入保脾组(29例)。临床数据使用统计学软件SPSS 24.0分析,术中术后各项指标、肝功能及免疫指标采用( ±s)表示,独立样本t检验;术后并发症等组间比较采用χ²检验。P<0.05为检验标准。 结果两组患者均成功完成手术,无中转开腹。切脾组手术时间明显较保脾组更长(P＝0.003),术中出血量及术后住院时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1周,两组患者外周血WBC、PLT均较术前明显升高,且切脾组显著高于保脾组(P<0.05);两组患者肝功能指标ALT、AST、Tbil均较术前明显升高,保脾组较切脾组更高(P<0.05);术后免疫功能指标切脾组CD4、CD4/CD8显著升高,而CD8显著降低,且明显优于保脾组(P<0.05)。切脾组及保脾组患者早期并发症发生率分别为16.0%及17.2%,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论腹腔镜肝癌切除联合脾脏切除治疗肝癌合并脾功能亢进安全可行,降低了手术创伤,早期疗效满意。     

A photo-switchable and thermal-enhanced fluorescent hydrogel prepared from N-isopropylacrylamide with water-soluble spiropyran derivative

Herein, a photo-switchable and thermal-enhanced fluorescent hydrogel has been fabricated from N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) with a mixture of water-soluble acryloyl-α-cyclodextrin/acryloyl-α-cyclodextrin-spiropyran (acryloyl-α-CD/ acryloyl-α-CD-SP) as cross-linkers. The physical properties, photochromic properties, and fluorescent behavior of the hydrogel were characterized. The fluorescence emission of the hydrogel can be reversibly switched ‘on/off’ by UV/visible light irradiation, and meanwhile the fluorescence intensity can be enhanced by increasing the temperature above the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of the hydrogel. The hydrogel also shows spatiotemporal fluorescent behavior, excellent cytocompatibility, and fatigue resistance in photochromic and photo-switchable fluorescent behaviors.     

Prevalence,genotypes, and risk factors of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enterocytozoon bieneusi</Emphasis> in Asiatic black bear (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ursus thibetanus</Emphasis>) in Yunnan Province,Southwestern China

Microsporidiosis is an important zoonotic disease, even leading to severe diarrhea. However, no information about prevalence and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection in Asiatic black bears in southwestern China is available. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the prevalence of E. bieneusi and to characterize their genotypes using the nested PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal RNA gene cluster and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The overall prevalence of E. bieneusi was 19.75% (80/405) and the rate of E. bieneusi in Xishuangbanna (33.33%) was significantly higher than that in any other regions (Honghe, 17.65%; Dehong, 13.04%; Kunming, 0; P?=?0.01). Sequence analysis revealed that 4 known genotypes (D, n?=?2; SC02, n?=?10; SC01, n?=?5; and CHB1, n?=?4) and 13 novel genotypes (designed MJ1–MJ13) were identified. When 17, 5, 14, and 34 sequences at loci MS1, MS3, MS4, and MS7 via MLST analyses, representing 4, 4, 5, and 10 genotypes, respectively, were completed, one multilocus genotype (MLG novel-ABB1) was identified. This is the first report of E. bieneusi in Asiatic black bear in Yunnan province, Southwestern China. The results indicated the potential zoonotic risk of this parasite through the Asiatic black bear in this region and provided foundation data for preventing and controlling E. bieneusi infection of many other animals and humans in these regions.     

Cbl Ubiquitin Ligases Control B Cell Exit from the Germinal-Center Reaction

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A novel approach for rapid high-throughput selection of recombinant functional rat monoclonal antibodies

Background

Most monoclonal antibodies against mouse antigens have been derived from rat spleen-mouse myeloma fusions, which are valuable tools for purposes ranging from general laboratory reagents to therapeutic drugs, and yet selecting and expressing them remains a time-consuming and inefficient process. Here, we report a novel approach for the rapid high-throughput selection and expression of recombinant functional rat monoclonal antibodies with different isotypes.

Results

We have developed a robust system for generating rat monoclonal antibodies through several processes involving simultaneously immunizing rats with three different antigens expressing in a mixed cell pools, preparing hybridoma cell pools, in vitro screening and subsequent cloning of the rearranged light and heavy chains into a single expression plasmid using a highly efficient assembly method, which can decrease the time and effort required by multiple immunizations and fusions, traditional clonal selection and expression methods. Using this system, we successfully selected several rat monoclonal antibodies with different IgG isotypes specifically targeting the mouse PD-1, LAG-3 or AFP protein from a single fusion. We applied these recombinant anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies (32D6) in immunotherapy for therapeutic purposes that produced the expected results.

Conclusions

This method can be used to facilitate an increased throughput of the entire process from multiplex immunization to acquisition of functional rat monoclonal antibodies and facilitate their expression and feasibility using a single plasmid.

     

Persistent reduction in sialylation of cerebral glycoproteins following postnatal inflammatory exposure

Background

The extension of sepsis encompassing the preterm newborn’s brain is often overlooked due to technical challenges in this highly vulnerable population, yet it leads to substantial long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities. In this study, we demonstrate how neonatal neuroinflammation following postnatal E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in rat pups results in persistent reduction in sialylation of cerebral glycoproteins.

Methods

Male Sprague-Dawley rat pups at postnatal day 3 (P3) were injected in the corpus callosum with saline or LPS. Twenty-four hours (P4) or 21?days (P24) following injection, brains were extracted and analyzed for neuraminidase activity and expression as well as for sialylation of cerebral glycoproteins and glycolipids.

Results

At both P4 and P24, we detected a significant increase of the acidic neuraminidase activity in LPS-exposed rats. It correlated with significantly increased neuraminidase 1 (Neu1) mRNA in LPS-treated brains at P4 and with neuraminidases 1 and 4 at P24 suggesting that these enzymes were responsible for the rise of neuraminidase activity. At both P4 and P24, sialylation of N-glycans on brain glycoproteins decreased according to both mass-spectrometry analysis and lectin blotting, but the ganglioside composition remained intact. Finally, at P24, analysis of brain tissues by immunohistochemistry showed that neurons in the upper layers (II–III) of somatosensory cortex had a reduced surface content of polysialic acid.

Conclusions

Together, our data demonstrate that neonatal LPS exposure results in specific and sustained induction of Neu1 and Neu4, causing long-lasting negative changes in sialylation of glycoproteins on brain cells. Considering the important roles played by sialoglycoproteins in CNS function, we speculate that observed re-programming of the brain sialome constitutes an important part of pathophysiological consequences in perinatal infectious exposure.

     

补骨脂素对骨质疏松小鼠骨折修复的影响

目的观察补骨脂素对骨质疏松小鼠骨折修复的影响。方法 20只雌性C57BL/6小鼠在建立骨质疏松模型后,随机分为2组:模型组和补骨脂素组,每组10只。所有小鼠在右侧股骨中段建立横形骨折,骨折术后第1天,补骨脂素组按20 mg/kg/d体重量灌胃,每天一次,连续21天,模型组以等剂量生理盐水灌胃。术后21天处死,骨折标本行钼靶X线、组织学和生物力学等检测方法。结果骨折术后第21天,补骨脂素组较模型组骨痂密度变高、骨折线模糊,两组骨痂生成面积比较无明显差异。补骨脂素组软骨细胞数量较模型组明显减少,成骨细胞增生较活跃,软骨骨化形成编织骨。补骨脂素组破骨细胞密度更稀疏,2组中破骨细胞形态和细胞核数量见明显差异。补骨脂素组最大载荷比模型组明显升高。结论补骨脂素作为一种植物雌激素能有效改善骨质疏松小鼠骨痂愈合质量和生物力学性能。